Civil War Weapons - Overview

Whether you had ancestors that fought for theweapons, they would have had to produce special
North or the South, almost every American is incartridges, which they could not have done.
some way tied to the history of the Civil War.The Yankees and Confederates were more
Each of the weapons used in the Civil War has itsequally matched when it came to handguns,
own history as well. And owning an original relic isparticularly those made by Samuel Colt. While
very expensive and not for every collector. Butmost Samuel Colt revolvers went to Union
there are several companies building quality replicatroops, the Confederates had stocked up on
Civil War rifles and handguns that anyone can ownthem prior to the firing on Fort Sumter. Colt's
for a reasonable price. There isn't much betterNavy.36 caliber revolver was also widely available
conversation piece than a Griswold and Gunnisonto the Confederates, and was a preferred
hanging in your office or in your home.weapon of horsemen. Remington and Sons
The British Enfield was similar to the Springfieldsupplied Union troops with revolvers that had
and was used by both the Union and Confederatesimplified designs and a solid frame, making them
troops. Soldiers could use the same caliberboth stronger and cheaper to build than the Colt.
ammunition in the British Enfield as with theAfter the war, Union troops were given the
Springfield. But the Enfields weren't machine madeoption of purchasing their sidearms, and more of
like the Springfields, and many units did what theythem chose Remingtons than Colts.
could to exchange Enfields for Springfields.Smith and Wesson made.22 and.32 caliber
The Austrian Lorenz was another widely usedrevolvers during the war, but in small quantities.
European rifle, used by both Union andMost were purchased privately. Lefaucheux
Confederate troops. Some smooth-bore musketsrevolvers made in France were used by Union
like the 1842 Springfield were used frequently too,troops in Western battles, while the Confederates
but against enemies armed with rifles, they werebought thousands of five shot Kerr revolvers.
not very effective.When it came to manufacturing Civil War
The short barreled carbine was the shoulderweapons, Southerners were at a great
weapon of choice for cavalry units, and it wasdisadvantage due to lack of raw materials
effective to 200 yards. Some 20 different typesnecessary for building the weapons. Sometimes
were used by Union forces. Cavalry on both sideschurch bells were melted down to supply the
used Sharps, which were 0.52 caliber arms. Theymaterials for making arms. Griswold and Gunnison
were widely used by Gen. John Buford's divisionwas the most productive maker of Confederate
when they pushed back the Confederates'revolvers, making.36 caliber brass framed Navy
advance towards Gettysburg in July 1853. Thesecopies. A weapons maker called Spiller and Burr
were single shot weapons but could be loadedmade.36 caliber revolvers in Atlanta and then
easily enough that a troop could fire five shots aMacon, but the pace of production was too slow
minute versus three from muzzle-loading muskets.to keep up with demand.
The Confederates made their own Sharps copies,The single shot musket was the infantry soldier's
but they were not very useful because onlybasic weapon during the Civil War. The one made
5,000 were ever made and many wereby Springfield in Massachusetts was the most
defective, according to accounts by Gen. Robertcommon. This musket had a 39-inch long barrel
E. Lee. Instead, many Confederates on horsebackand could hit targets 500 yards away effectively.
used captured Yankee breach-loaded weapons orThe Confederates started making their own
short-barreled muzzle loaders.copies of Springfields after the raid on Harper's
The Union forces used.52 caliber Spencers thatFerry, Virginia.
were patented in 1860 that could fire off sevenFor more information about the history of Civil
shots in half a minute. This frequency of firewar weapons visit the Smithsonian Institute
overwhelmed Confederates using their slowerinteractive website. Their website has excellent
muzzle-loading muskets. The.44 caliber Henry Rifledescriptions of the original weapons as well as high
was another well-liked repeater that put thequality images of each. Or for great looking
Confederates at a clear disadvantage. Even if thereplicas of some of these historical pieces, you
Confederates had got their hands on thesecan visit us at Civil War Classics.