Tap and Dies

Taps and dies are tools used for cutting threads3.0 2.5
while usually sold in sets they are in fact individual3.5 2.9
tools. A tap is which looks like a bolt if used for4.0 3.3
making the female thread (nut) and the die which4.5 3.8
resembles a nut is used to make the male thread5.0 4.2
(bolt).6.0 5.0
Usually made from HSS (high speed steel) alloy7.0 6.0
steel and are extremely robust and have very8.0 6.8
hard cutting edges. This is needed as both the tap9.0 7.9
and dies have threads like those on nuts and bolts10.0 8.5
that are used to bore threads in smooth metal. A11.0 9.5
tap screws into a hole and makes it in to a12.0 10.2
threaded hole and a die puts a thread in toOnce you have the correct size hole using the "T"
smooth shafts.handles turn the tap in to the hole. As the tap
These tools are most commonly used to repaircuts strips of metal will be pushed out of the
threads that have been striped or crossed.flutes (grooves). To prevent the flutes becoming
Using a Tapclogged up, this is done by turning the tap
When using a tap care must be taken not tobackwards and braking the metal strips up. Ideally
break the tap off mid repair. Due to the type ofyou should turn the tap one half turn or until you
steel and heat treatment used to get the hardfeel increased resistance then turn back a quarter
cutting edge taps can be quite brittle. If a piece ofturn. On very deep holes it would be advisable to
the tap id broken off in a hole it can becompletely withdraw the tap from time to time.
extremely hard to remove it and as the tap willIt is also advisable to use some king of cutting
probably harder that the average drill bit evenfluid you can buy special cutting fluid but if you
drilling it out is not always an option.are using the tap but hand any general oil will do
However if used properly you shouldn't have anythe job.
problems. Usually they get broken by bending notUsing a Die
twisting and in most sets a "T" handle will beTo repair a crossed threads on a bolt simply
supplied allowing you to easily turn the tap withoutselect the die from your set that is an exact fit
bending it. Generally most problems are caused byfor the bolt. It's advisable to apply a drop of oil to
trying to turn a tap with an inappropriate tool likethe bolt and run the die down the bolt. If the die
mole pliers.gets tight and you feel high resistance just run
When preparing to you a tap to create a threadthe die back up the bolt and start again.
its essential that you drill the correct size hole forTo create threads on a smooth shaft select a die
the tap that you are using to small and will bethat just smaller than the size of the shaft and a
very hard to cut the thread and you will likelycouple of drops of oil on the die blades and work
break the tap and too large and the thread willthe die down the shaft. As with the tap a half
not be cut deep enough and easily striped.turn should be followed by a quarter turn back to
Tap Drill Chartprevent the die from becoming clogged.
Tap Size mm | Drill Size mmFor a comprehensive range of tap and die sets
2.3 1.9see Tap and Die sets.
2.6 2.1