What happens if someone dies with more bills than they have money to pay them?

My dad was single when he passed away. Nowcircumstances.
his credit card company has called demandingDo I have to wait before I can collect the
payment of his bill immediately. Should I pay it?proceeds of my late spouse’s life insurance?
You can’t blame the credit card company forIf you’re married and your spouse dies, file
trying to get to the front of the line, but theyany necessary life insurance claims as quickly as
should know that you cannot start paying billspossible. No waiting period is required. Although the
immediately -- especially if your father’s fundsvalue of the death benefit is counted as part of
are limited. The law generally requires you to waitthe estate’s value for tax purposes, life
until all the bills have come in and then to makeinsurance payments pass to the beneficiary
disbursements according to the rules. The waitingoutside of probate. Life insurance companies
period and rules vary by state. Unless properusually pay routine death benefits within weeks.
procedures are followed, some creditors could beThis money provides a necessary financial cushion
paid in full while others get nothing.for the survivor.
What happens if someone dies with more billsWhat happens to my 401k account when I die?
than they have money to pay them?If you designated beneficiaries when you signed
It’s not unusual for someone to die withup for a 401(k) account, they receive the money
more bills than cash. Even after cars and otherin your account when you die. Otherwise, your
assets are sold, there may not be enough to payestate automatically becomes the beneficiary.
off all the bills and debts. If the estate goesIf your beneficiary is your spouse, he or she has
through probate, a court decides who get paidmost of the same options that you would have if
first -- and how much. If the estate does not goyou were leaving your company to take another
through probate, the executor must followjob. Your spouse can roll it over into an Individual
specific rules to liquidate assets and pay creditors.Retirement Arrangement (IRA) or withdraw it all
If there is not enough money to cover 100% ofand pay income taxes on it. If your spouse
the bills, children and other family members aredecides to roll it over into an IRA, the rollover
not generally required to pitch in the difference.should be direct from the employer to the IRA
Credit card companies and other creditors writeaccount. This prevents deduction of any
off such losses every day.withholding tax.
What kinds of filing and paperwork fees must beIf your survivor withdraws the cash and pays the
paid when someone dies?taxes, the Internal Revenue Service waives its
Filing and paperwork fees when someone dies canearly withdrawal penalty regardless of the
quickly add up. You may have to pay thespouse’s age. Your spouse will probably not
mortuary or other institution that fills out thebe allowed to keep the money invested in the
death certificate, and then you must pay thesame 401(k) plan.
courthouse for each certified copy. If you file forA beneficiary who is not your spouse cannot roll
letters testamentary for a probated estate, youthe money over into an IRA.
pay a fee; if you don’t go through probate,How do I obtain full title to joint tenancy property
you generally pay a fee to file an affidavit.after the joint tenant dies?
These fees are in addition to probate fees andWhen you own property in a joint tenancy with
lawyer bills.someone else -- for example, if you own a home
If you pay any of these fees out of your ownwith your spouse -- your joint tenant’s
pocket, be sure to track them carefully and, ifinterest in the property is automatically
possible, get reimbursed from the estate.transferred to you if the joint tenant dies before
How do I get a federal ID number for an estate?you do. To clear the decedent’s name off
You can get a federal ID number for an estate inthe official records, you generally must file a
a matter of minutes, and you don’t need adeath certificate and other documents, such as an
lawyer to do it. The IRS Web site has instructionsaffidavit, to establish yourself as the sole owner.
for applying for an estate federal ID number. TheYou can usually get the documents needed to
fastest way to get an ID number is to use theestablish sole ownership from the attending
Online Application. You will get the number online,physician or hospital that recorded the death, or
and then you will receive confirmation in the mailthey may be filed at the courthouse.
in about two weeks.I’m single, and I hold a large certificate of
Don’t be confused by the fact that the Webdeposit in joint tenancy with my two children.
site refers to an Employer Identification NumberWhen I die, how will the CD be divided?
(EIN). You use the same form that people use toYour children will automatically hold interests in the
set up a business; you identify it as an estate onCD as joint tenants. At that time, they need to
the form.make some important decisions.
What’s a death certificate, and how do I getThey can close the account and split the
one for someone who has died?proceeds so that upon their own deaths, their
A death certificate is an official document thathalf-shares pass to their own families. That may
looks similar to a birth certificate and has much ofbe the most efficient and fair way to manage the
the same information, plus information about themoney.
person’s death.If they keep the CD as joint tenants until one of
It is filed at the courthouse of the county wherethem dies, the entire account becomes the
the person died and is used to prove that aproperty of the surviving child.
person is deceased. Information such as theIf I inherit savings bonds with the beneficiary
cause of death is also used for statisticallisted as "pay on death," do I have to cash them
purposes.immediately?
When someone dies, the physician or coroner fillsYou don’t have to sell the bonds right away.
out the Medical Certificate of Death, a familyIn fact, it’s probably a good idea to keep
member or funeral director submits a Statementinherited bonds unless you need the cash or if
of Death, and the death is registered.you can sell the bonds and reinvest the proceeds
As the next of kin or estate executor, you canin something with a higher rate of return. Before
get the death certificate from the courthouse,you cash the bonds, you will have to provide a
either in person or by mail. You will need thedeath certificate for the original owner.
certificate to collect life insurance, close accountsMy wife and I are both drawing Social Security
and otherwise deal with the affairs of the estate.checks. What happens when one of us dies?
My husband recently died. How should I handle theWhen both marriage partners are receiving Social
bills that are coming addressed to him?Security payments and one dies, the survivor is
First, make sure the bills are legitimate. It’sentitled to receive the greater of 100% of the
hard to believe, but con men scan obituaries andlate spouse’s monthly benefit or his or her
send phony bills to either the deceased or theown monthly benefit.
survivor, hoping the bill will be paid withoutThis means that you will be able to choose
question. If you receive an unfamiliar bill addressedwhether to continue collecting the same monthly
to your husband, write the creditor and ask forbenefit that you have always received, or start
an explanation. Don’t pay a bill until you’recollecting the amount that your spouse received
satisfied that it is legitimate.when he or she was alive. So, if your
If you have a good cash reserve, you may havespouse’s monthly check was $1,100 and
no trouble paying all your and your husband’syours is $600, you would choose to collect
bills. If you can’t pay all the bills now, make anpayments under your spouse’s plan so you
itemized list and decide which bills must be paidcould receive $1,100 a month.
and which can be delayed. Pay mortgageWho can apply for survivor benefits from Social
payments, utilities, and health and propertySecurity?
insurance premiums first. If money is short, or ifIf your spouse dies while receiving Social Security
you are waiting for your finances to be settled,payments, you are eligible for "survivor" benefits.
consider writing to the creditors and explainingIn addition to monthly checks, the Social Security
your situation -- that you know you owe themAdministration will give you a one-time $255
money and plan to pay it, but you will have topayment to help meet burial or other expenses.
work out a plan based on your changed